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Published by Field Museum of Natural History

New Series, No. 1 June 29, 1979

Type Graptolithina in Field Museum of Natural History

Robert H. Hansman

Custodian of Collections Field Museum of Natural History*

AND

Matthew H. Nitecki

Curator. Fossil Invertebrates Field Museum of Natural History

INTRODUCTION

This catalogue includes type and referred specimens of Grapto- lithina in Field Museum of Natural History. The Walker Museum of Paleontology, University of Chicago specimens, now permanently housed at Field Museum, bear the catalogue numbers prefixed "UC"; the prefix "P" identifies specimens belonging to Field Museum.

Only the holotypes are designated "types" in the catalogue; all other cotypes, syntypes, paratypes, and plesiotypes are listed as "referred specimens."

The primary reference used in determining subsequent nomenclatorial changes was Ruedemann (1947), the latest monograph on North American graptolites and their literature. When possible, all references listed in synonymies in that monograph have been examined; that not seen is so noted in the References.

A number of specimens are listed as "Gurley in Bassler" and, "Gurley in Ruedemann." In such listings, "Gurley" refers to

*Present address: Ebasco Services, Inc., Greensboro, N.C.

Library of Congress Catalog Card No.: 79-51547 ISSN 0096-2651

Publication 1298 1

2 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY

R[evere] R. Gurley, M.D. (dates unknown), a sometime employee of the U.S. Geological Survey, who left an unfinished monograph on graptolites (Bassler, 1909, p. 1). In the cases referred to, Bassler and Ruedemann quoted the descriptions and reproduced the illustra- tions from Gurley's manuscript. Accounts of their use of Gurley's material may be found in Ruedemann (1908b, pp. 5-7) and Bassler (1909, pp. 1-3).

The abbreviations USNM (U.S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution) and NYSM (New York State Museum) identify specimens not in the Field Museum collections.

Generic and specific names are arranged alphabetically. The represented genera are grouped in the following systematic outline according to their assignments in Bulman (1970):

Phylum Hemichordata Bateson, 1885, emend. Fowler, 1892

Class Graptolithina Bronn, 1846 Order Dendroidea Nicholson, 1872

Callograptus Hall, 1865

Dendrograptus Hall, 1858

Desmograptus Hopkinson, 1875

Dictyonema Hall, 1851; listed as Odontocaulis; Dictyonema? listed as Inocaulis

Palaeodictyota Whitfield, 1902

Thallograptus Ruedemann, 1925; listed as Inocaulis Order Tuboidea Kozlowski, 1938

Reticulograptus Wiman, 1901; listed as Dictyonema Order Graptoloidea Lapworth, 1875

Diplograptus M'Coy, 1850

Monograptus Geinitz, 1852 Ordinal position uncertain; not Graptoloidea

Chaunograptus Hall, 1879, [not 1883, as in Bulman, 1970, p. 55]; listed as Dendrograptus (Chaunograptus)

Coelograptus Ruedemann, 1947; listed as Dendrograptus?

We are grateful to Robert Conrad, New York State Museum, for the loan of material from that institution and to Robert L. Carroll, Redpath Museum, McGill University, for a photograph of a specimen in his collection.

CATALOGUE OF TYPES

Callograptus strictus Gurley, 1909 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 13513.

~b HANSMAN & NITECKI: TYPE GRAPTOLITHINA 3

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, p. 15, pi. 3, fig. 3, text-fig. 17.

Ruedemann, 1947, p. 209, pi. 17, fig. 30. "Niagaran (Blue Building beds of section)." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Chaunograptus novellus (Hall, 1879) See: Dendrograptus (Chaunograptus novellus) Hall, 1879.

Coelograptus problematicus (Spencer, 1878) See: Dendrograptus? problematicus (Spencer, 1878).

Dendrograptus (Chaunograptus) novellus Hall, 1879 Holotype: not designated; cotype (syntype) UC 11989. Referred specimen: UC 11989. Hall, 1879, p. 2. Hall, 1882, p. 225, pi. 1, fig. 1. = Chaunograptus novellus (Hall, 1879). Clarke & Ruedemann, 1903, p. 41. Ruedemann, 1908b, pp. 225-226. Ruedemann, 1947, p. 254, pi. 39, fig. 1. Waldron Shale.

Waldron, Shelby County, Indiana.

Remarks: Cotype (syntype) is NYSM 3170/1 (also listed as 228); this is the specimen represented by Hall, 1882, pi. 1, fig. 2 (Clarke & Ruedemann, 1903, p. 41).

Dendrograptus ontarioensis Bassler, 1909 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 13506.

Bassler, 1909, p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 4, text-fig. 12.

Ruedemann, 1947, p. 218, pi. 21, figs. 9, 10. "Niagaran dolomites." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Dendrograptus? problematicus (Spencer, 1878) Referred specimen: UC 13510.

Bassler, 1909, pp. 10-11, pi. 1, fig. 1. = Coelograptus problematicus (Spencer, 1878). Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 266-267, pi. 91, fig. 4. "Niagaran."

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Remarks: Ruedemann, 1947, pi. 91, fig. 4, incorrectly refers to this specimen as "para type."

Desmograptus micronematodes (Spencer, 1882) Referred specimens: four specimens, P 23310. Roy & Croneis, 1931, p. 244, pi. 45, figs. 3, 4, 6, 8.

4 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY

Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for

Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook

County, Illinois.

Dictyonema? congregatum (Gurley, 1909) See: Inocaulis congregatus Gurley, 1909.

Dictyonema crassibasale Gurley, 1909 Holotype: not designated; two cotypes (syntypes) UC 13502, UC

13504. Referred specimen: UC 13502.

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, pp. 19-24, pi. 3, fig. 1, text-fig. 23. Referred specimen: UC 13504.

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, pp. 19-24, text-fig. 25. "Niagaran."

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Remarks: Another cotype (syntype) is USNM 55297.

Dictyonema crassibasale? Gurley, 1909 Referred specimen: P 23307.

Roy & Croneis, 1931, p. 243, pi. 45, fig. 2. Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for the Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook County, Illinois.

Dictyonema desmoides Gurley, 1909 See: Odontocaulis occidentalis Gurley, 1909.

Dictyonema parallelum Gurley, 1909 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 13505. Gurley in Bassler, 1909, pp. 37-38, pi. 4, fig. 2, text-fig. 47. Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 183-184, pi. 8, fig. 15. "Niagara dolomite." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Dictyonema percrassus [percrassum] Gurley, 1909 Holotype: not designated; cotype (syntype) UC 13511. Referred specimen: UC 13511. Gurley in Bassler, 1909, pp. 35-36, text-fig. 45. Ruedemann, 1947, p. 184. "Glaciated chert beds, Niagara Formation." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

HANSMAN & NITECKI: TYPE GRAPTOLITHINA 5

Remarks: Bassler (1909, p. 36) indicates that another cotype is in the "Spencer collection" (presumably the J.W. Spencer collec- tion at the Unversity of Missouri (Bassler, op. cit., p. 4)).

Dictyonema polymorphum Gurley, 1908

Referred specimen: UC 13517 (presumably a lectoparatype). Gurley in Ruedemann, 1908b, pp. 158-162, pi. 3, fig. 6.

= Reticulograptus polymorphus Gurley, 1908. Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 199-200, pi. 8, fig. 10.

"Niagara chert and glaciated chert beds."

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Remarks: UC 13517 is probably a de facto lectoparatype, inasmuch as a subsequent author, Ruedemann (1908b, p. 159), chose a "type" which is now USNM 54278. At the same time, however, he incorrectly designated another specimen (now UC 13517) a "cotype" and repeated the error in 1947 (Ruedemann, 1947, pi. 8, fig. 10). In the latter reference (p. 200), he also incorrectly referred to UC 13517 as a "plesiotype."

Dictyonema retiforme (Hall, 1843) Referred specimen: P 23306.

Roy & Croneis, 1931, pp. 242-243, pi. 45, fig. 1. Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for the Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook County, Illinois. See also: Dictyonema websteri Dawson, 1860.

Dictyonema tenellum Spencer, 1878 Referred specimen: P 23308.

Roy & Croneis, 1931, p. 243, pi. 45, fig. 5. Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for the Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook County, Illnois.

Dictyonema websteri Dawson, 1860 Holotype: not specifically designated; UC 13133 may be the holo- type or part of a type suite. Dawson, 1860a, p. 7, text-fig. 2. Dawson, 1860b, p. 139, text-fig. 2. Dawson, 1860c, p. 60, text-fig. 46 (fide Ruedemann, 1947, p. 190).

6 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY

= Dictyonema retiforme (Hall, 1843) Ruedemann, 1908a, p. xlvii.

"Niagaran."

Beech Hill, New Canaan, Nova Scotia.

Remarks: According to Dawson, 1860b, p. 138, text-fig. 2, and a preprint of that paper (Dawson, 1860a, p. 7, text-fig. 2), the name Dictyonema websteri is attributed to James Hall: "will be described by that palaeontologist under the name of D. websteri." Presumably the same thing (if not in identical wording) is stated and the same figure given in the Dawson, 1860c reference above (not seen), Supplementary Chapter to Acadian Geology. In later editions of Acadian Geology (see, for example, the fourth edition, 1891, p. 562, text-fig. 196) all reference to Hall has been dropped. The species was apparently never described or figured by Hall, and the name should be attributed to Dawson. Although he never described it, he did figure it (Ruedemann, 1908a, p. xlvii) and therefore fulfilled the requirement of establishing a name in a publication prior to 1931 by publication of a figure with a name. It remains to be determined, then, if UC 13133 is a type and, if so, what kind (Is it a counterpart of Redpath Museum 1077, which is stated to be "holotype" of D. websteri (see Alison & Carroll, 1972, Catalogue of type and figured fossils in the Redpath Museum, McGill Univer- sity)?) A photograph of the Redpath Museum specimen does not seem to correspond with UC 13133, nor do any of the specimens on the Redpath Museum slab seem to correspond to Dawson's published figure of D. websteri. It also should be determined, if possible, which of the three 1860 publications by Dawson (including the preprint, 1860a) is the earliest.

Diplograptus (Orthograptus) calcaratus var. incisus Lapworth, 1908 See: Diplograptus foliaceus var. incisus Lapworth, 1908.

Diplograptus foliaceus var. incisus Lapworth, 1908 Referred specimen: UC 59467 (counterpart of NYSM 7153).

Lapworth in Ruedemann, 1908b, pp. 347-349, pi. 24, fig. 5. = Diplograptus (Orthograptus) calcaratus var. incisus Lapworth, 1908. Ruedemann, 1947, p. 400, pi. 68, fig. 1. Middle Ordovician, Normanskill Shale.

(

HANSMAN & NITECKI: TYPE GRAPTOLITHINA 7

Glenmont, New York.

Remarks. Charles Lapworth's manuscript description of this variety was first published by Ruedemann (1908b, p. 347). Lapworth based it on specimens from the Normanskill Shale at Stockport, New York and from "1/2 mile below Little Mechin Point (415), Lower Canada" (Lapworth in Ruedemann, op. cit., p. 347). Ruedemann added to Lapworth's description and included specimens from the Normanskill Shale at Glenmont, New York. See Ruedemann, op. cit., pp. 6, 340, 341, 344, 346, 348, 349, for his comments on Lapworth's manuscript discussion of D. foliaceus.

Inocaulis congregatus Gurley, 1909 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 13508.

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, p. 54, text-fig. 70. =Dictyomena? congregatum (Gurley, 1909).

Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 177-178, pi. 9, fig. 15. "Niagaran Formation." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Inocaulis diffusus crassiramus Gurley, 1909 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 13507.

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, pp. 53-54, pi. 5, fig. 2, text-fig. 69. = Thallograptus diffusus var. crassiramus (Gurley, 1909).

Ruedemann, 1947, p. 234, pi. 27, figs. 10, 11. "Niagara dolomite (Blue Building Bed)." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Inocaulis divaricatus Hall, 1879 Holotype: by monotypy, UC 11981.

Hall, 1879, p. 2.

Hall, 1882, p. 225, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Ruedemann, 1947, p. 239, pi. 32, fig. 7. Waldron Shale. Waldron, Shelby County, Indiana.

Monograptus? chicagoensis Grubbs, 1939 Holotype: by original designation, UC 46012.

Grubbs, 1939, pp. 545-546, pi. 61, fig. 20.

Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 474-475, pi. 86, fig. 44. Referred specimens: four specimens (paratypes), UC 46013.

Grubbs, 1939, pp. 545-546.

Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 474-475.

8 FIELDIANA: GEOLOGY

Middle Silurian, Racine Dolomite.

In siliceous nodules, Federal Stone Quarry, Chicago, Illinois.

Monograptus vomerinus (Nicholson, 1872) Referred specimens: 10 specimens, P 23311 (four unfigured specimens missing). Roy & Croneis, 1931, p. 245, pi. 45, figs. 9-14. Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for the Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook County, Illinois.

Odontocaulis occidentalis Gurley, 1909 Holotype: not designated; cotype (syntype), UC 13514. Referred specimen: UC 13514.

Gurley in Bassler, 1909, p. 44. = Dictyonema desmoides Gurley, 1909.

Ruedemann, 1947, pp. 179, 195. "Niagara chert." Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Remarks: Ruedemann (1947, p. 179) incorrectly refers to USNM 55306, a cotype (syntype), as the "holotype" of Odentocaulis occidentalis and also incorrectly identifies it as the "holotype" of Dictyonema desmoides (Ruedemann, op. cit., pi. 11, figs. 15, 16). Palaeodictyota bella (Hall & Whitfield, 1875) Referred specimen: P 23309.

Roy & Croneis, 1931, p. 244, pi. 45, fig. 7. Middle Silurian, Late Wenlock-Ludlow, Racine Dolomite,

"Lecthaylus Shale." In rock excavated during construction of the Calumet feeder for the Chicago drainage canal, just southwest of Blue Island, Cook County, Illinois.

Reticulograptus polymorph us (Gurley, 1908) See Dictyonema polymorphum Gurley, 1908.

Thallograptus diffusus var. crassiramus (Gurley, 1909) See Inocaulis diffusus crassiramus Gurley, 1909.

HANSMAN & NITECKI: TYPE GRAPTOLITHINA 9

REFERENCES

Bassler. R.S. 1909. Dendroid graptolites of the Niagaran dolomites at Hamilton, Ontario. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 65, 76 pp., 5 pis., 91 text-figs.

Bulman. O.M.B.

1970. Graptolithina with sections on Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia. In Teichert, Curt, ed., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part V (revised), 163 pp., 106 text-figs. Geol. Soc. Amer. and Univ. Kansas Press.

Clarke. J.M. and Rudolf Ruedemann

1903. Catalogue of type specimens of Paleozoic fossils in New York State Museum. Bull. N.Y. State Mus., 65, 847 pp.

Dawson. J.W. 1860a. On the Silurian and Devonian rocks of Nova Scotia (preprint of 1860b), 12

pp., 2 text- figs. 1860b. On the Silurian and Devonian rocks of Nova Scotia. Can. Nat. Geol. and

Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Montreal, 5, no. 2, pp. 132-143, 2 text-figs. 1860c. [not seen] Supplementary chapter to Acadian Geology—, 70 pp.

Edinburgh.

Grubbs. D.M. 1939. Fauna of the Niagaran nodules of the Chicago area. Jour. Paleontol., 13, no. 6, pp. 543-560, pis. 61-62.

Hall. James 1879. Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Niagara Formation at

Waldron, Indiana. J. Munsell, Printer, Albany, New York, 20 pp. 1882. Descriptions of the species of fossils found in the Niagara Group at

Waldron, Indiana. Indiana Dept. Geol. Nat. Hist., Ann. Rept., 11, pp. 217-345,

pis. 1-36, 12 text-figs.

Roy, S.R. and Cary Croneis 1931. A Silurian worm and associated fauna. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Geol. Ser., 4, no. 7, pp. 227-247, pis. 42-45.

Rudemann. Rudolf

1908a. Note on Dictyonema websteri (I), retiforme). Proc. Nova Scotian Inst.

Sci., Session of 1905-1906, p. xlvii. In Proc. Trans. Nova Scotian Inst. Sci., 11,

670 pp., 32 pis. 1908b. Graptolites of New York. Part 2. Graptolites of the higher beds. New

York State Mus., Mem. 11, 583 pp., 31 pis., 482 text-figs. 1947. Graptolites of North America. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem. 19, 652 pp., 92 pis.,

1 text-fig.

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